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Cartilage - What are the cartilages of the knee?
The cartilages of the knee are resilient and flexible tissues that cover the ends of the bones in the knee joint. These structures play a crucial role in reducing friction between the bones and absorbing impact during movements. Articular cartilage is the structure that covers the ends of the femur, tibia, and patella.
What are the main injuries of articular cartilage?
Injuries to the articular cartilage of the knee can occur due various reasons, including acute traumatic injuries, gradual wear due to aging, or chronic overload. The main types of injuries include abrasions, fissures, joint wear, or even cartilage avulsion with part of the covering bone (osteochondral injuries).
What are the symptoms?
The symptoms of articular cartilage injury in the knee can vary but often include pain, swelling/edema, stiffness, crepitus, and popping during movement, as well as difficulty fully mobilizing (bending or straightening) the knee. In more severe cases, joint locking may occur, where the knee gets stuck in a specific position due to the interposition of a loose fragment.
When is surgery recommended?
Treatment for knee cartilage injuries depends on the severity of the injury, location, and pattern of the cartilage defect, as well as the individual needs of the patient. In many cases, minor injuries can be treated with conservative measures such as rest, physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medications, and injections of hyaluronic acid or biological therapies like growth factors (Platelet-Rich Plasma – PRP).
However, in cases of more extensive injuries or when conservative measures do not provide adequate symptom relief, surgery may be indicated. Surgery for knee cartilage injuries may involve repair techniques such as microfracture, use of biomembranes, or restoration with transplantation of autologous or allogenic cartilage (or osteochondral) grafts. The decision to perform surgery for knee cartilage injuries is made together with an orthopedic physician after a careful assessment of symptoms and individual needs. In general, surgery is recommended when there is evidence of significant cartilage injury that is causing persistent symptoms and interfering with the patient’s quality of life.
Do you have any questions?
Dr. Samir Karmali provides a detailed assessment and a personalized treatment plan for his patients with knee injuries or pain, aiming for recovery and a return to physical activity. If you want to know more about the available treatment options, do not hesitate to get in touch to schedule a appointment.
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I am Dr. Samir Karmali, an orthopedic doctor and knee specialist surgeon. If you have any questions about your knee injury and the most suitable treatment options for you, I am available to help. Fill out the form or send an email to drsamirkarmali@gmail.com. My goal is to clarify your doubts with professional guidance tailored to your specific situation. It will be a pleasure for me, after evaluating your clinical case, to offer you the most appropriate treatment to restore the health of your knee.
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