Knee arthroplasty, also known as knee replacement or knee prosthesis, is an effective surgical solution for severe cases of osteoarthritis that do not respond to conservative treatments. It is often recommended for patients suffering from advanced osteoarthritis (cartilage wear), inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, post-traumatic changes, or other conditions that cause chronic pain and functional limitation in the knee. Knee arthroplasty can significantly improve the quality of life in these situations by reducing pain, increasing mobility, and allowing a return to daily activities.

This procedure involves replacing the damaged joint surfaces with artificial prostheses, providing relief from pain and restoring joint function.

During the surgery, the orthopedic surgeon removes the damaged cartilage and worn portions of the femur and tibia. Then, the prosthetic components are fixed to the bone ends, providing a new smooth and functional joint surface. Depending on the individual needs of the patient, the patella (or kneecap) may also be replaced with a prosthetic component.

Knee prosthetic replacement can be total or partial (often referred to as unicompartmental arthroplasty).

Total knee arthroplasty is a more comprehensive solution, involving the replacement of all joint surfaces of the knee (femur, tibia, and patella) with prosthetic components, typically indicated for patients with advanced osteoarthritis affecting the entire knee joint.

On the other hand, unicompartmental knee arthroplasty involves partial replacement of the joint when osteoarthritis is limited to only one compartment of the knee (inner, outer, or anterior), preserving the remaining joint; since it is limited to one part of the joint, it allows for faster recovery and maintains a more natural sensation in joint mobility.

After surgery, it is common for patients to undergo a rehabilitation period that may include physical therapy and specific exercises to strengthen the muscles around the knee and improve range of motion. With proper care and following the guidance of their doctor and rehabilitation team, it is possible to regain an active and pain-free life after knee arthroplasty.

It is important to emphasize that the decision to undergo knee arthroplasty should be made together with the orthopedic surgeon after a careful evaluation of your symptoms and medical history. Each case is unique, and it is essential to discuss potential benefits, risks, and expectations regarding the procedure to make an informed decision.

As a specialist in Knee Orthopedics, Dr. Samir Karmali is dedicated in providing accurate information and support to his patients at all stages of the process, from initial evaluation to postoperative follow-up. If you are considering knee arthroplasty or want to learn more about this intervention, please do not hesitate to get in touch to schedule a appointment.