The menisci of the knee are crescent-shaped structures located between the femur and the tibia, playing a crucial role in stabilizing and cushioning the knee joint. These fibrocartilaginous tissues help to distribute body weight evenly across the joint and absorb impacts during activities such as walking, running, and jumping.
There are two menisci in each knee: the medial meniscus, located on the inner side of the knee, and the lateral meniscus, located on the outer side. Meniscal injuries are common and can occur for various reasons, including sudden movements, twists, direct trauma, or age-related degeneration.
Among the most common symptoms are knee pain, especially when walking, climbing, or descending stairs, as well as edema/swelling, a feeling of the knee being “stuck” or locked when trying to move it, and even audible clicks at the moment of injury or during knee movement if loose or unstable fragments are present.
If you experience any of these symptoms, especially if they persist or become more intense over time, it is important to seek medical evaluation. In some cases, meniscal injuries can be treated with conservative measures such as rest, ice application, anti-inflammatory medication, and physical therapy. However, when injuries are more severe, do not respond to conservative treatment, or particularly if mechanical symptoms are present, surgery may be recommended.
Surgery for meniscal injuries is often performed using minimally invasive techniques, such as knee arthroscopy. This procedure allows the orthopedic surgeon to visualize the inside of the knee and treat the injury with specialized instruments inserted through small incisions in the skin. Depending on the extent and type of injury, the surgeon may choose to repair the damaged meniscus with sutures or remove the injured portion of the meniscus.
The decision to perform surgery for meniscal injuries is made in conjunction with the orthopedic physician, following a careful evaluation of your symptoms and individual needs.
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